Journal: JCI insight
Article Title: TGF-β1 induces PD-1 expression in macrophages through SMAD3/STAT3 cooperative signaling in chronic inflammation.
doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.165544
Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. TGF-β1 is involved in PD-1 expression on macrophages in chronic inflammatory tissues. (A) Correlations between PDCD1 and TGFB1 gene expression in various human tumors by TIMER web server (TIMER2.0; https://cistrome.shinyapps.io/timer/). Abbreviations for various human tumors are given according to the database. COAD, colon adenocarcinoma. (B) Correlation plot between PDCD1 and TGFB1 gene levels in COAD (n = 458; Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.593, P = 9.38 × 10–45). (C and D) Immunoblot analysis of TGF-β1 expression levels in the MC38 tumors and normal colon tissues of tumor-bearing mice (C) or in the livers of normal uninfected and S. japonicum–infected mice (8 weeks postinfection; D). TGF-β1 expression levels were normalized to GAPDH. (E and F) Recombinant TGF-β1, PBS, anti–TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody, or isotype control antibody was administrated intraperito- neally into MC38 tumor–bearing (E) or S. japonicum–infected mice (F). PD-1+ macrophages in the tumor tissue or liver were analyzed using flow cytometry. Representative histograms and quantification of PD-1+ macrophages are shown. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (A and B) or an unpaired 2-tailed t test (C–F) was used for statistical analysis. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD of 3–5 mice per group and are representative of 2 independent experiments. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. TPM, transcripts per million.
Article Snippet: Anti–TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody (BE0057; BioXCell; 250 μg per mouse) was administrated intraperitoneally into mice daily every 3 days, starting at 6 weeks postinfection until 8 weeks postinfection or starting at 7 days after tumor implantation until 21 days postimplantation.
Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression, Western Blot, Infection, Recombinant, Control, Flow Cytometry